Zohair Dehqani Arani’s study offers an impartial analysis of contemporary Orientalists’ views on the Islamic Messiah. From theological shifts to political interpretations, the work critiques the methodologies of scholars like Andrew Newman and Jean-Pierre Filiu in their study of Mahdism.
In Difāʿ az Mahdawiyyat, Ali Asghar Ridvani systematically critiques four major claims against the doctrine of the Mahdi, including allegations of political pressure and foreign influence. The work defends Mahdism as a universal human belief rooted in nature, supported by ten Quranic verses and the consensus of all Islamic schools of thought.
